The main differences between carbon steel Q235A, Q235B, Q235C and Q235D

Release time:

2024-12-19

The main differences between carbon steel Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, and Q235D are reflected in their impact temperature, chemical composition, and applicable scenarios. The following is a detailed comparison of these four carbon steels:

I. Impact temperature
Q235A: No impact test is performed, which means that its toughness at room temperature has not been verified by impact tests at specific temperatures.
Q235B: 20-degree impact test at room temperature is performed, which is suitable for structural parts in room temperature environments and has certain requirements for toughness.
Q235C: 0-degree impact test is performed, which is suitable for structural parts in lower temperature environments and has higher requirements for toughness.
Q235D: -20-degree impact test is performed, which is suitable for structural parts in lower temperature environments and has the highest requirements for toughness.

2. Chemical composition
Carbon (C) content: Q235A has the highest carbon content (≤0.22%), Q235B, Q235C and Q235D have lower carbon content, and Q235D has the lowest carbon content (≤0.17%).
Sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P) content: As the grade increases from A to D, the sulfur and phosphorus content decreases. Sulfur and phosphorus are impurity elements, and excessive content will reduce the mechanical properties of steel.
Manganese (Mn) and silicon (Si) content: The manganese and silicon contents of these four steels are basically the same, with manganese content ≤1.4% and silicon content ≤0.35%.

3. Applicable scenarios
Q235A: Due to its relatively low mechanical properties, it is suitable for occasions with low strength requirements, such as some ordinary building structures, containers, etc.
Q235B: It has good comprehensive performance and is widely used in the manufacture of general mechanical parts, especially in construction and bridge engineering for welded structural parts with high quality requirements.
Q235C: Suitable for occasions requiring a certain low-temperature toughness, such as some outdoor structural parts.
Q235D: With higher low-temperature toughness, it is suitable for structural parts in lower temperature environments, such as building structures and bridges in cold areas.

In summary, Q235A, Q235B, Q235C, and Q235D differ in impact temperature, chemical composition, and applicable scenarios. When choosing, the appropriate steel grade should be selected according to the specific use environment and requirements.

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